- Professor of Communication 1998 till now Professor of various subjects related to television and audiovisual in the ... moreProfessor of Communication 1998 till now
Professor of various subjects related to television and audiovisual in the University of Valencia. I have also taught courses and master in universities such as Jaume I of Castellón, CEU Cardenal Herrera, or the University of Roehampton (London).
Journalist 2004-2013
Journalist in Canal 9 RTVV. Producer and manager in news programs. Special correspondent and foreign reporter.
Journalist 1991-2003
Electronic News Gathering Journalist in Antena 3 TV. Producer and anchor man in different news programs. Special correspondant around the world.
PhD with distinction in Communication November 2015
With the thesis “Mechanisms of control of information in public Television. The case of Canal 9”. (University of València). Summa cum laude and Outstanding award.
Graduate in Audiovisual Communication September 1997
U. of València.
Graduate in Hispanic Filology January 1993
U. of València.edit
En l’actual context de desconfiança cap als mitjans de comunicació públics, la “participació ciutadana” constitueix una de les preocupacions més rellevants en l’agenda dels seus responsables i entre els investigadors dels mitjans, com a... more
En l’actual context de desconfiança cap als mitjans de
comunicació públics, la “participació ciutadana” constitueix
una de les preocupacions més rellevants en l’agenda dels
seus responsables i entre els investigadors dels mitjans, com
a element clau per recuperar la seva rellevància social. Per tal
d’aprofundir en el coneixement del concepte de participació,
s’han organitzat tres grups de discussió, formats respectivament
per acadèmics, professionals i experts en dinamització social,
desenvolupats a Castelló el novembre de 2019. S’hi presenten
els resultats i s’hi debaten les principals recomanacions sorgides
per gestionar la “participació ciutadana” en els mitjans públics.
comunicació públics, la “participació ciutadana” constitueix
una de les preocupacions més rellevants en l’agenda dels
seus responsables i entre els investigadors dels mitjans, com
a element clau per recuperar la seva rellevància social. Per tal
d’aprofundir en el coneixement del concepte de participació,
s’han organitzat tres grups de discussió, formats respectivament
per acadèmics, professionals i experts en dinamització social,
desenvolupats a Castelló el novembre de 2019. S’hi presenten
els resultats i s’hi debaten les principals recomanacions sorgides
per gestionar la “participació ciutadana” en els mitjans públics.
Research Interests:
RESUMEN Los archivos audiovisuales son un tipo de recurso cada vez más empleado en las redes sociales, también con fines políticos. Frente a los medios tradicionales, las redes sociales están tomando cada vez más importancia,... more
RESUMEN Los archivos audiovisuales son un tipo de recurso cada vez más empleado en las redes sociales, también con fines políticos. Frente a los medios tradicionales, las redes sociales están tomando cada vez más importancia, especialmente en momentos decisivos de las democracias como son las campañas electorales. En este estudio queremos comprobar si el uso de recursos audiovisuales llegó a las cuentas personales de los candidatos y las candidatas a la Generalitat Valenciana en las elecciones de abril de 2019 y si es así, cómo fue ese uso. Nos hemos fijado especialmente en las diferencias entre las tres redes analizadas-Facebook, Twitter e Instagram-y también en qué tipo de información se comparte habitualmente a través de los vídeos. Para el análisis, hemos creado nueve categorías formales de uso de vídeos en las redes, algunas de las cuales parten de recursos audiovisuales procedentes de los medios tradicionales y otras cuyos recursos han sido creados ad hoc para la difusión por las redes. A partir de estas categorías, comprobamos cuáles son las más empleadas en el entorno político y cuáles son las pautas de difusión que siguen los candidatos. También analizamos si hay diferencias de usos en el eje dicotómico de partidos de izquierda/derecha. Los resultados obtenidos apuntan a un uso discrecional y una inexistente estrategia de comunicación en la utilización de los archivos audiovisuales por parte de los candidatos.
Research Interests:
López-Olano, C. y Fenoll, V. (2020). La polarización mediática en el proceso de independencia en Cataluña. Estudio comparativo del tratamiento en RT. Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación/Mediterranean Journal of Communication, 11(1),... more
López-Olano, C. y Fenoll, V. (2020). La polarización mediática en el proceso de independencia en Cataluña. Estudio comparativo del tratamiento en RT. Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación/Mediterranean Journal of Communication, 11(1), 261-272. https://www. La polarización mediática en el proceso de independencia en Cataluña. Estudio comparativo del tratamiento en RT Media polarisation over independence for Catalonia. A comparative study of coverage in RT Fechas | Resumen Abstract El procés catalán ha experimentado una intensa polarización mediática, tanto en medios tradicionales como en redes sociales, donde la corporación rusa RT ha sido acusada de apoyar al independentismo. Desde una perspectiva cuantitativa, realizamos un análisis comparado de la cobertura en Facebook del procés catalán en las corporaciones RT, BBC y DW. A pesar de la proximidad de RT con el independentismo, los resultados no revelan diferencias significativas entre los medios. Asimismo, las reacciones de los usuarios a las publicaciones en Facebook sugieren su simpatía por el independentismo. The process of the independence of Catalonia has experienced significant media polarisation, both in traditional media and in social networks, where the Russian corporation RT has been accused of supporting independence. From a quantitative perspective, a comparative analysis of the coverage of this process by RT, BBC and DW corporations in Facebook was conducted. Despite RT's proximity to independence, the results do not show significant differences between the media. Moreover, users' reactions to Facebook publications reveal their sympathy for independence. Palabras clave
Research Interests:
Con el procés independentista de Cataluña como marco, compararemos el tratamiento periodístico que recibe el fenómeno en tres medios de comunicación extranjeros, reflejado en su difusión a través de la red social Facebook. BBC, DW y RT... more
Con el procés independentista de Cataluña como marco, compararemos el tratamiento periodístico que recibe el fenómeno en tres medios de comunicación extranjeros, reflejado en su difusión a través de la red social Facebook. BBC, DW y RT son corporaciones financiadas públicamente por gobiernos ajenos a priori a la problemática social y política generada sobre el debate separatista. Aun así, uno de ellos, RT, ha sido acusado públicamente de actuar directamente bajo la influencia de las directrices de política exterior del Kremlin, y de cometer injerencias a favor de los independentistas. Desde una perspectiva cuantitativa y cualitativa, analizamos los posts difundidos por estos medios durante un período de cuatro meses (n = 625), incluyendo la fecha clave del 1 de octubre en la que se produjo el fallido intento de votación plebiscitaria, para comprobar si existe ese sesgo en los medios analizados.
Research Interests:
PSM are not going through their finest moment. Adequate funding to ensure their survival is one of the fundamental factors that will shape their future. This paper takes a look at and compares the history of British and Spanish PSM, two... more
PSM are not going through their finest moment. Adequate funding to ensure their survival is one of the fundamental factors that will shape their future. This paper takes a look at and compares the history of British and Spanish PSM, two very different systems. In both cases, they have suffered from cutbacks, though on a very different scale. In general, the mechanisms for obtaining necessary budgets are still bound to their respective traditions. Resumen Los medios audiovisuales públicos no están en su mejor momento. Una adecuada financiación que permita su supervivencia es uno de los factores fundamentales que marcarán el futuro. Este artículo recorre la historia de los sistemas mediáticos británico y español y los compara. En ambos casos, han sufrido recortes, aunque en escala muy distinta. Los mecanismos para obtener el presupuesto necesario están aún ligados a las tradiciones respectivas.
Research Interests:
Public service media (PSM) are in crisis throughout Europe. As a scenario for research, the two extremes of the background have been chosen: the first, BBC, is at the heart of media system, has become a model for the others and has just... more
Public service media (PSM) are in crisis throughout Europe. As a scenario for research, the two extremes of the background have been chosen: the first, BBC, is at the heart of media system, has become a model for the others and has just finished the particularly delicate challenge of renewal the fundamental law that is to rule over the next ten years; the second is on the periphery of public television, and in the extreme circumstances in Spain that have driven some of the television corporations to extinction, such as Canal 9-Radiotelevisió Valenciana (RTVV). Using a method based on the use of semi-structured interviews and Delphi, the conception of these media models among their respective audiences is explored.
Research Interests:
La renovación del Royal Charter marca el futuro de la BBC. Su carácter ejemplar hace que las decisiones de los británicos tengan repercusión en el resto de Europa, incluso en sistemas mediáticos muy alejados del modelo, como el de España.
Research Interests:
El carácter modélico de la BBC abarca muchos campos y cualidades. Aparte de su carácter fundacional como medio de servicio público largamente imitado —principalmente en Europa— y a punto de cumplir el siglo de existencia, el ejemplo de la... more
El carácter modélico de la BBC abarca muchos campos y cualidades. Aparte de su
carácter fundacional como medio de servicio público largamente imitado —principalmente
en Europa— y a punto de cumplir el siglo de existencia, el ejemplo de la
clásica radiotelevisión británica alcanza también a sus estrategias transmedia. El
artículo traza una panorámica de la situación actual de la BBC transmedia, analizando
una selección de programas emblemáticos de la Corporación, y prestando
atención a los aspectos sobre esta cuestión en la nueva normativa que acaba de
entrar en vigor acompañando la renovación del Royal Charter, que marcará los
próximos once años de la Corporación. La conclusión es que los británicos han
destacado en este campo no por programas especialmente innovadores, sino por
unas estrategias bastante conservadoras, basadas en el contenido tradicional del
discurso clásico de los programas televisivos, pero que sin embargo han conseguido
un éxito y una penetración considerable a través de las nuevas plataformas. Respecto
a su entramado legal, la casi centenaria BBC parece que está tomando las
medidas adecuadas para afrontar el futuro con optimismo justificado, aunque con
una cierta falta de concreción.
carácter fundacional como medio de servicio público largamente imitado —principalmente
en Europa— y a punto de cumplir el siglo de existencia, el ejemplo de la
clásica radiotelevisión británica alcanza también a sus estrategias transmedia. El
artículo traza una panorámica de la situación actual de la BBC transmedia, analizando
una selección de programas emblemáticos de la Corporación, y prestando
atención a los aspectos sobre esta cuestión en la nueva normativa que acaba de
entrar en vigor acompañando la renovación del Royal Charter, que marcará los
próximos once años de la Corporación. La conclusión es que los británicos han
destacado en este campo no por programas especialmente innovadores, sino por
unas estrategias bastante conservadoras, basadas en el contenido tradicional del
discurso clásico de los programas televisivos, pero que sin embargo han conseguido
un éxito y una penetración considerable a través de las nuevas plataformas. Respecto
a su entramado legal, la casi centenaria BBC parece que está tomando las
medidas adecuadas para afrontar el futuro con optimismo justificado, aunque con
una cierta falta de concreción.
Research Interests:
In this article we deal with the theories of corporate social responsibility (Csr) and similar ones, which are common in the economic field, and we analyze their efficacy on the plurality of TV news programs, especially the public ones.... more
In this article we deal with the theories of corporate social responsibility (Csr) and similar ones, which are common in the economic field, and we analyze their efficacy on the plurality of TV news programs, especially the public ones. We check the usefulness of their postulates in what was the final stage of rTVV Canal 9, under the direction of rosa Vidal, and consider how they can affect the future of the regional television in Valencia in the tabula rasa phase we are in today. The future of the public television is not only a matter of legal protections and regulatory bodies. Csr can become a decisive element in the design of the new audiovisual model which politicians are now addressing.
Research Interests:
In the article we take a look at the history of the legislation regarding RTVV. We review the laws that governed this regional audiovisual service and examine whether they were complied with or not. The legal framework forms the... more
In the article we take a look at the history of the legislation
regarding RTVV. We review the laws that governed this regional
audiovisual service and examine whether they were complied
with or not. The legal framework forms the operational basis
of a Public Broadcasting Service that now is muted. The
abrupt shutdown of this regional broadcaster has left behind a
muddled situation that first needs to be sorted out. Lawmakers
now face the task of relaunching this public service, as well
as ensuring there is enough responsibility to avoid repeating
former mistakes.
regarding RTVV. We review the laws that governed this regional
audiovisual service and examine whether they were complied
with or not. The legal framework forms the operational basis
of a Public Broadcasting Service that now is muted. The
abrupt shutdown of this regional broadcaster has left behind a
muddled situation that first needs to be sorted out. Lawmakers
now face the task of relaunching this public service, as well
as ensuring there is enough responsibility to avoid repeating
former mistakes.
Research Interests:
En l’article fem un recorregut per la història jurídica de RTVV. Repassarem les lleis que regiren aquest servei audiovisual autonòmic i si s’han complit o no. L’entramat legal és la base del funcionament d’un mitjà de comunicació públic... more
En l’article fem un recorregut per la història jurídica de RTVV.
Repassarem les lleis que regiren aquest servei audiovisual
autonòmic i si s’han complit o no. L’entramat legal és la
base del funcionament d’un mitjà de comunicació públic ara
emmudit. El tancament abrupte de la radiotelevisió autonòmica
deixa com a herència un embolic que cal aclarir en primer
lloc. Els legisladors tenen ara al davant la tasca de tornar a
posar en marxa el servei públic, i, a més, de fer-ho amb la
responsabilitat suficient perquè els vells errors no es tornen a
cometre.
Repassarem les lleis que regiren aquest servei audiovisual
autonòmic i si s’han complit o no. L’entramat legal és la
base del funcionament d’un mitjà de comunicació públic ara
emmudit. El tancament abrupte de la radiotelevisió autonòmica
deixa com a herència un embolic que cal aclarir en primer
lloc. Els legisladors tenen ara al davant la tasca de tornar a
posar en marxa el servei públic, i, a més, de fer-ho amb la
responsabilitat suficient perquè els vells errors no es tornen a
cometre.
Research Interests:
López-Olano, C. (2016). Destellos en el túnel: la apertura informativa en la época de NOU según los protagonistas. Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación, vol. 7(2), 229-242. http://dx. Resumen Abstract Canal 9 –o Nou, como se llamó en su... more
López-Olano, C. (2016). Destellos en el túnel: la apertura informativa en la época de NOU según los protagonistas. Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación, vol. 7(2), 229-242. http://dx. Resumen Abstract Canal 9 –o Nou, como se llamó en su última etapa– con su carácter ejemplarizante para el resto de autonómicas, se convierte en el objeto de estudio perfecto para los investigadores en comunicación. El trabajo se centra en la última etapa de RTVV, bajo la influencia de un nuevo estatuto legal, que dotaba a la televisión de herramientas presuntamente facilitadoras de la pluralidad en los informativos. Mediante un análisis cualitativo basado en entrevistas semiestructuradas a un panel de expertos, intentamos averiguar si se produjo en ese tiempo un cambio apreciable en la redacción de Canal 9, combinado con un cambio de talante en la gestión de la empresa. La conclusión, con los matices que desarrollamos en el texto, es que sí que se produjo una apertura en esa fase, que desgraciadamente fue abortada por el cierre precipitado. La eliminación de la emisora autonómica provocó un efecto destructivo en cadena en el sistema audiovisual valenciano que aún no se ha superado. Canal 9 –or Nou, as was named in its last period– with the exemplary character for other regional Public Service Media, is the perfect example for being studied by communication researchers. The study focuses on the last stage of RTVV under the influence of a new legal status, which endowed the TV station enabling tools for plurality in the news. Through a qualitative analysis based on semi-structured interviews with a panel of experts, we try to find out if indeed there was at that time a significant change in the newsroom of Canal 9, combined with a change of style in the management of the company. To sum it up, with the shades developed in the article, we consider there were an opening in that time, unfortunately avorted with the hurried closing down. This removal of the broadcasting service of the autonomous government, caused a destructive effect in the audiovisual system, still getting over it.
Research Interests:
El artículo analiza la evolución de la audiencia en Canal 9 RTVV durante sus 24 años de historia. El hecho de que sea la única televisión pública, junto con la griega, que ha cerrado en Europa, convierte esta emisora autonómica en... more
El artículo analiza la evolución de la audiencia en Canal 9 RTVV durante sus 24 años de historia. El hecho de que sea la única televisión pública, junto con la griega, que ha cerrado en Europa, convierte esta emisora autonómica en singular: de su estudio pueden sacarse conclusiones que ayuden a que su precipitado final no vuelva a repetirse. Los datos de audiencia no son, sin duda, los mejores para valorar el cumplimiento del servicio público de un medio de comunicación, pero sí que son una referencia ineludible para los investigadores que permite al menos, valorar el éxito comercial de un medio, además de su índice de penetración en la sociedad. El balance histórico del share en Canal 9 es demoledor: desde unos inicios a principios de la década de los noventa con datos superiores al 20%, a cifras en 2013, el año del cierre, rondando el 5%. Un descenso vertiginoso que no se produce de forma gradual, sino que tiene unas etapas claramente marcadas en su evolución, y que tampoco es único en el panorama de televisiones autonómicas españolas. En el artículo, se analiza también la relación de este obvio deterioro cuantitativo del impacto de RTVV, con la pérdida de prestigio de unos informativos donde la manipulación partidista y la falta de pluralidad fue la tónica durante años. La conclusión no es tan obvia como podría parecer inicialmente.
Research Interests:
Resumen Abstract Canal 9 –o Nou, como se llamó en su última etapa– con su carácter ejemplarizante para el resto de autonómicas, se convierte en el objeto de estudio perfecto para los investigadores en comunicación. El trabajo se centra en... more
Resumen Abstract Canal 9 –o Nou, como se llamó en su última etapa– con su carácter ejemplarizante para el resto de autonómicas, se convierte en el objeto de estudio perfecto para los investigadores en comunicación. El trabajo se centra en la última etapa de RTVV, bajo la influencia de un nuevo estatuto legal, que dotaba a la televisión de herramientas presuntamente facilitadoras de la pluralidad en los informativos. Mediante un análisis cualitativo basado en entrevistas semiestructuradas a un panel de expertos, intentamos averiguar si se produjo en ese tiempo un cambio apreciable en la redacción de Canal 9, combinado con un cambio de talante en la gestión de la empresa. La conclusión, con los matices que desarrollamos en el texto, es que sí que se produjo una apertura en esa fase, que desgraciadamente fue abortada por el cierre precipitado. La eliminación de la emisora autonómica provocó un efecto destructivo en cadena en el sistema audiovisual valenciano que aún no se ha superado. Canal 9 –or Nou, as was named in its last period– with the exemplary character for other regional Public Service Media, is the perfect example for being studied by communication researchers. The study focuses on the last stage of RTVV under the influence of a new legal status, which endowed the TV station enabling tools for plurality in the news. Through a qualitative analysis based on semi-structured interviews with a panel of experts, we try to find out if indeed there was at that time a significant change in the newsroom of Canal 9, combined with a change of style in the management of the company. To sum it up, with the shades developed in the article, we consider there were an opening in that time, unfortunately avorted with the hurried closing down. This removal of the broadcasting service of the autonomous government, caused a destructive effect in the audiovisual system, still getting over it.
Research Interests:
During the nearly seven months that Rosa Vidal and her new team headed RTVV, there was a turnaround in the news programs—essentials for a public television— that had totally lost prestige and audience after 24 years of history, most of... more
During the nearly seven months that Rosa Vidal and her new team headed RTVV, there was a turnaround in the news programs—essentials for a public television— that had totally lost prestige and audience after 24 years of history, most of them under the political power of the Partido Popular. That last turbu- lent period coincided with the implementation of a layoff that the High Court of Valencia void, causing the resolution to end the regional television broadcasts. Also at that time was launched the Charter and Agreement, instruments widely used in Spain in recent years to provide budget stability to public television. In this final stage, just before the closing ordered by President Alberto Fabra, several authors agree that there was an attempt to recover the informational independence. This article aims to prove it, analyzing the rundown of the news at the time, comparing with previous stages, and with data from other local tv stations. We are going to follow a methodology that Consell de l’Audiovisual de Catalunya uses to its monthly reports on televisions of his scope.
Research Interests:
Las autoridades de regulación audiovisual son un instrumento de control, entre otras cosas, de la pluralidad informativa de las televisiones públicas. Así lo reconocen diversas leyes a nivel comunitario y estatal. En España, la asunción... more
Las autoridades de regulación audiovisual son un instrumento de control,
entre otras cosas, de la pluralidad informativa de las televisiones públicas.
Así lo reconocen diversas leyes a nivel comunitario y estatal. En España, la
asunción de la autoridad en materia audiovisual por parte de la Comisión
Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia (CNMC), nos ha incorporado
tarde y mal al entorno europeo, donde son habituales estos consejos.
También en las diferentes Comunidades Autónomas, hay un déficit
regulatorio que hace que tan sólo Catalunya y Andalucía estén dotadas de
este instrumento. En el artículo estudiaremos el “estado del arte” sobre la
cuestión, para poder valorar nuestro entorno, con especial atención al caso
singular en la Comunitat Valenciana, que se enfrenta a una situación de
tabula rasa en materia audiovisual. A pesar de que tanto el Estatut
d’Autonomia como la ley audiovisual obligaban a la creación del Consell
Audiovisual Valencià desde hace nueve años, el antiguo gobierno de la
Generalitat, en consonancia con la política del PP en toda España, bloqueó la iniciativa. Los condicionantes políticos
después de las convocatorias electorales de los años 2015 y 2016 influirán sin duda en el panorama futuro respecto a
estas herramientas de control.
entre otras cosas, de la pluralidad informativa de las televisiones públicas.
Así lo reconocen diversas leyes a nivel comunitario y estatal. En España, la
asunción de la autoridad en materia audiovisual por parte de la Comisión
Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia (CNMC), nos ha incorporado
tarde y mal al entorno europeo, donde son habituales estos consejos.
También en las diferentes Comunidades Autónomas, hay un déficit
regulatorio que hace que tan sólo Catalunya y Andalucía estén dotadas de
este instrumento. En el artículo estudiaremos el “estado del arte” sobre la
cuestión, para poder valorar nuestro entorno, con especial atención al caso
singular en la Comunitat Valenciana, que se enfrenta a una situación de
tabula rasa en materia audiovisual. A pesar de que tanto el Estatut
d’Autonomia como la ley audiovisual obligaban a la creación del Consell
Audiovisual Valencià desde hace nueve años, el antiguo gobierno de la
Generalitat, en consonancia con la política del PP en toda España, bloqueó la iniciativa. Los condicionantes políticos
después de las convocatorias electorales de los años 2015 y 2016 influirán sin duda en el panorama futuro respecto a
estas herramientas de control.
Research Interests:
In the last stage of RTVV before closing, with Rosa Vidal as general director of the broadcasting station (April-November 2013), according to some authors there was a not expected increasing of plurality never seen in the last twenty... more
In the last stage of RTVV before closing, with
Rosa Vidal as general director of the broadcasting
station (April-November 2013), according to some
authors there was a not expected increasing of
plurality never seen in the last twenty years. This
attempt to recover the basis of the service, which
should characterize public television –journalistic
independenceand
the fact of providing an
informative narration of quality– lasted only
seven months, just before the abrupt end of the
broadcasting ordered on November 5th 2013.
The intention of managers was to recover the
prestige of the news programmes, and to restore
transparency and governance in the channel. And
through them, to get the rising of the confidence,
and the television audience buried in a brutal
debt and in a continuous spiral of corruption in
recent years. The approach to this last stage is
done using Delphi type polls, conducted by a
selected panel of experts. The group that focuses
the analysis consists of managers, supervisors that
performed their task from the Board of governors,
and representatives of workers.
Rosa Vidal as general director of the broadcasting
station (April-November 2013), according to some
authors there was a not expected increasing of
plurality never seen in the last twenty years. This
attempt to recover the basis of the service, which
should characterize public television –journalistic
independenceand
the fact of providing an
informative narration of quality– lasted only
seven months, just before the abrupt end of the
broadcasting ordered on November 5th 2013.
The intention of managers was to recover the
prestige of the news programmes, and to restore
transparency and governance in the channel. And
through them, to get the rising of the confidence,
and the television audience buried in a brutal
debt and in a continuous spiral of corruption in
recent years. The approach to this last stage is
done using Delphi type polls, conducted by a
selected panel of experts. The group that focuses
the analysis consists of managers, supervisors that
performed their task from the Board of governors,
and representatives of workers.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
En el título de este libro aludimos a la triple crisis de las televisiones públicas. Es un concepto lanzado por el maestro Giuseppe Richeri (1994). Estas empresas comunicativas de servicio público afrontan una crisis de legitimidad,... more
En el título de este libro aludimos a la triple crisis de las televisiones públicas. Es un concepto lanzado por el maestro Giuseppe Richeri (1994). Estas empresas comunicativas de servicio público afrontan una crisis de legitimidad, propiciada por la competencia con los canales privados y las tendencias liberalizadoras, otra financiera, por el crecimiento de la competencia provocado especialmente por la introducción de la TDT, y una crisis de identidad, por la tendencia a competir comercialmente para alcanzar mayores cuotas de mercado. Desde los años 90 en los que se consolidó el mercado audiovisual en España, estos tres factores han atenazado, en una tendencia con crecimiento exponencial, a las radiotelevisiones públicas. La crisis ha acabado convirtiéndose en un estado habitual, con una situación de emergencia compartida en toda Europa, que proyecta un futuro lleno de sombras y pronósticos de aniquilación sobre estos entes/corporaciones característicos del continente. El final de RTVV puede verse como la guinda, como el punto culminante, como la sublimación de todo este panorama de crisis que desde hace decenios acompaña a los medios públicos.
Research Interests:
Material docente de l'asignatura Tecnologías de la Comunicación I, de primer curso del grado de Comunicación Audiovisual de la Universitat de València
Research Interests:
Material docente de la asignatura Tecnologías de la Comunicación II de segundo curso del grado de Comunicación audiovisual de la Universitat de València
Research Interests:
Análisis de la primera película de la serie de Indiana Jones, dirigida por Steven Spielberg y producida por George Lucas en 1981
Research Interests: Film Studies and Cinema
Materia del Diploma de especialización profesional universitario en producción y realización de programas radiotelevisivos. Parte IV. Tecnologías para la producción audiovisual. Módulo 10.
Research Interests:
Institutions and control regulations of the news programs are seen as the last chance for the Public Service Broadcasters (PSB) to achieve and maintain pluralism, which is almost utopian. In Spain and in the neighboring countries, the... more
Institutions and control regulations of the news programs are seen as the last chance for the Public Service Broadcasters (PSB) to achieve and maintain pluralism, which is almost utopian. In Spain and in the neighboring countries, the situation is in the boundaries of emergency. The general crisis and the specific one in the audiovisual sector as a result of the implementation of the Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT) put the Spanish PSB, which since its foundation lacks of an appropriate management model, on the brink of extinction. In some cases, the catastrophe has been accomplished like in the Valencian regional broadcasting (RTVV), which closed on 29 November 2013. This circumstance is unique in the Spanish television landscape, although it was preceded by the closing down of the Greek public television Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi (ERT), which closed on 12 June 2013, and was reopened after its resizing, which took place on 11 June 2015. It was named as Néa Ellinikí Radiofonía, Ínternet kai Tileórasi (NERIT). The disappearance of Channel 9 (RTVV) had a disastrous effect on the audiovisual sector in Valencia. As a result, not only the percentage of unemployment among professionals has drastically increased; reaching a rate of 92% (Mesa Sectorial de l’Audiovisual Valencià (MESAV), 2014) but it has also caused the liquidation of the 95% of the industrial fabric (Pellisser Rosell & Mollà, 2014). The circumstances and reasons which have led to the closure of RTVV are being investigated by judicial authorities, and it is foreseeable that it "For years, it will be studied for generations of television researchers, even internationally" (Soler Campillo & Marzal Felici, 2015: 114-115).
If something got the Partido Popular, who is responsible for the closure of RTVV, it was the fact that the whole society joined against it (Peris Planes, 2014: 199), and the union of the opposition parties pronounced themselves unanimously in favour of its reopening. The recent change in the Generalitat Valenciana Government leaves behind twenty years of right-wing policies, which without any doubt will positively affect the future of RTVV. Over these last two years, its precipitate closure has been legally analyzed in several studies (Vidal Beltran, 2015; 2014; 2013; Andres Segovia, 2014). But beyond the legal point of view, the new RTVV may allow a future full of possibilities, which gives a situation of tabula rasa. It is a future, in which it is necessary that we take advantages of the political and civic situation in order to avoid repeating past mistakes. According to Miquel de Moragas and Emilio Prado, “define the PSB’s mission is the key to the debate on the legitimacy of public television” (2000: 91). At the same time, it is necessary to establish the tools to ensure plurality of information inherent to the public service. The main objectives of this thesis are these tools, whose basis is not only legal. As noted by Juan Carlos Miguel and Miguel Angel Casado, "the research of independence is not achieved only by changing the laws, but also learning and democratic experience are required" “the quest for independence is not achieved only by changing the law, it also requires a learning and democratic process” (2012: 24). It should be added, according to Garcia-Marzá that "the democratic system is more than the party system, political representation and majority rule" (2015: 175).
The Valencian Community has set as a model of waste, corruption and mismanagement. Although per capita spending is not really high, and at the base of soaring deficit is also an endemic negative financing (Boira Maiques, 2012: 60). Channel 9 has suffered a similar fate parallel to the fate of their homeland: they gave the example of unlimited corruption, debt, mismanagement and manipulation. A well-earned fame, certainly, although it may share with many other broadcasters of their environment, especially the one that is the reference for all the others in Spain, RTVE.
Government guarantees, enabling public broadcasters to accumulate deficits without the possibility of going bankrupt (while broadcasters like RTVE were virtually bankrupt), had to be abolished. […] The Commission demanded the abolishment of these guarantees, claiming they constituted an unfair advantage vis-á-vis competitors. However, these mechanisms also gravely undermined the financial health of public broadcasters in Southern Europe, adding to their political dependence. (Donders, 2011: 117)
These circumstances make the ultra-liberal sector find enough reasons for its closure (Zallo, 2015: 105). The worldwide crisis causes indiscriminate attacks to PSB:
Detractors of public service media have seized on the economic crisis as an opportunity that should not be ‘wasted’. This position is understandable in key respects and we don’t embrace the notion that all of its critics and opponents are ‘bad guys’. Attacks on PSM [Public Service Media] have been fuelled by legitimate concerns caused by economic turmoil within media industries following sharp declines in advertising revenue and consumer spending. (Lowe & Steemers, 2012: 4)
The immediate context is characterized by a paradigm shift in RTVE that has exponentially worsened the situation. To the loss of budgetary stability, coupled with deterioration in the trust of the audience in recent times, we must add a significant decrease in the quality and independence of the information programs in the public television, which can only be described as a backward movement. In addition, RTVE has the sad record of 29 CEOs, since its founding in 1956. The BBC has so far had only 14 director-generals and 5 Presidents, and it’s important to remember that British emissions began 30 years earlier. The management of those who, were appointed by the government of Mariano Rajoy has degraded with constant economic adjustments and a growing loss of prestige of RTVE, reducing the social weight of the PSB (Bustamante, 2013b).
The objective of this research has been the evaluation of the effectiveness of control mechanisms of pluralism and independence of information on public television. The first task was looking back in order to understand the current moment. The historical-structural study of the evolution of television shows the great weight of tradition in the current system. The duopoly of private television in Spain, the alleged crisis of the group of companies who share the radio spectrum, the endemic lack of plurality and poor performance of the duties of our PSB in general, are better understood after analyzing how the sector has evolved in recent decades.
In the thesis we have analyzed one by one, the different legal restrictions that try to ensure plurality. Beyond these, we review the theories of ethics and morality, specifically applied to the business field since the seventies of the last century (Campos Freire, 2015; Garcia-Marzá, 2015; Perdiguero, 2003). Also recently this goodwill has been developed by the so-called "economy for the common good" (Gemeinwohl-Ökonomie), linked to movements like “Occupy”, or 15-M (Felber, 2012, Zamagni, 2012). Some authors have applied these concepts directly to the Mass-Media field with the "communicative responsibility" (Responsabilidad Comunicativa) (Bernardo Paniagua & Pellisser Rosell, 2015; Bernardo Paniagua, Pellisser Rosell, Vicent & Lopez, 2011). These are issues, which have also been promoted by the European Union, whose aims through transparency, accountability and participation citizens are aware of the importance of their institutions. Concepts such as "habit", that is to say, the nature that predisposes to transparency to take or not social responsibility (Cortina, 2003: 19), or the "stakeholders" theory (Freeman, Harrison, & Wicks, 2007), which distributes the ethical responsibility among managers, employees and customers, are particularly interesting. This willingness to do things well and to act properly in order to achieve the common objective among all stakeholders’ is intensified in periods of time like the ones we are living nowadays. And it can be especially valid in the uncertain future of Valencian audiovisual sector. As tools of this kind, exists the “Public Value Test” or the “Accountability”, both coming from the BBC, and implemented in many continental PSB. Accountability is the responsibility of the journalist or journalists’ coordinator, with the obligation to explain to the audience the reasons or motives for choosing a particular approach, leaving a story inside or outside the news bulletin. In the British public television it is organized through an internet access, thanks to a blog in which spectators can ask questions to the editor of every program and those are obliged to answer.
With regard to future research that can be opened beyond this thesis, we think it may be interesting to follow BBC and British Government movements before the renewal of the Royal Charter that will occur as tradition dictates, at the end of the year 2016. The debate is open now, and in the summer of 2015 it has been published the working document in which the British Ministry of Culture presents the model for the future of television (Department for culture, media and sports, 2015). Mechanisms and systems that would be applicable, of course, to others European PSB, and specifically, when our politicians will decide to reopen the new Channel 9. What seems certain is that the convergence of the media, the citizen participation through the Internet, and the shared responsibility in its various forms, will be at the foundation of this necessary and urgent renovation of public television that extends at this time before us as a challenge.
If something got the Partido Popular, who is responsible for the closure of RTVV, it was the fact that the whole society joined against it (Peris Planes, 2014: 199), and the union of the opposition parties pronounced themselves unanimously in favour of its reopening. The recent change in the Generalitat Valenciana Government leaves behind twenty years of right-wing policies, which without any doubt will positively affect the future of RTVV. Over these last two years, its precipitate closure has been legally analyzed in several studies (Vidal Beltran, 2015; 2014; 2013; Andres Segovia, 2014). But beyond the legal point of view, the new RTVV may allow a future full of possibilities, which gives a situation of tabula rasa. It is a future, in which it is necessary that we take advantages of the political and civic situation in order to avoid repeating past mistakes. According to Miquel de Moragas and Emilio Prado, “define the PSB’s mission is the key to the debate on the legitimacy of public television” (2000: 91). At the same time, it is necessary to establish the tools to ensure plurality of information inherent to the public service. The main objectives of this thesis are these tools, whose basis is not only legal. As noted by Juan Carlos Miguel and Miguel Angel Casado, "the research of independence is not achieved only by changing the laws, but also learning and democratic experience are required" “the quest for independence is not achieved only by changing the law, it also requires a learning and democratic process” (2012: 24). It should be added, according to Garcia-Marzá that "the democratic system is more than the party system, political representation and majority rule" (2015: 175).
The Valencian Community has set as a model of waste, corruption and mismanagement. Although per capita spending is not really high, and at the base of soaring deficit is also an endemic negative financing (Boira Maiques, 2012: 60). Channel 9 has suffered a similar fate parallel to the fate of their homeland: they gave the example of unlimited corruption, debt, mismanagement and manipulation. A well-earned fame, certainly, although it may share with many other broadcasters of their environment, especially the one that is the reference for all the others in Spain, RTVE.
Government guarantees, enabling public broadcasters to accumulate deficits without the possibility of going bankrupt (while broadcasters like RTVE were virtually bankrupt), had to be abolished. […] The Commission demanded the abolishment of these guarantees, claiming they constituted an unfair advantage vis-á-vis competitors. However, these mechanisms also gravely undermined the financial health of public broadcasters in Southern Europe, adding to their political dependence. (Donders, 2011: 117)
These circumstances make the ultra-liberal sector find enough reasons for its closure (Zallo, 2015: 105). The worldwide crisis causes indiscriminate attacks to PSB:
Detractors of public service media have seized on the economic crisis as an opportunity that should not be ‘wasted’. This position is understandable in key respects and we don’t embrace the notion that all of its critics and opponents are ‘bad guys’. Attacks on PSM [Public Service Media] have been fuelled by legitimate concerns caused by economic turmoil within media industries following sharp declines in advertising revenue and consumer spending. (Lowe & Steemers, 2012: 4)
The immediate context is characterized by a paradigm shift in RTVE that has exponentially worsened the situation. To the loss of budgetary stability, coupled with deterioration in the trust of the audience in recent times, we must add a significant decrease in the quality and independence of the information programs in the public television, which can only be described as a backward movement. In addition, RTVE has the sad record of 29 CEOs, since its founding in 1956. The BBC has so far had only 14 director-generals and 5 Presidents, and it’s important to remember that British emissions began 30 years earlier. The management of those who, were appointed by the government of Mariano Rajoy has degraded with constant economic adjustments and a growing loss of prestige of RTVE, reducing the social weight of the PSB (Bustamante, 2013b).
The objective of this research has been the evaluation of the effectiveness of control mechanisms of pluralism and independence of information on public television. The first task was looking back in order to understand the current moment. The historical-structural study of the evolution of television shows the great weight of tradition in the current system. The duopoly of private television in Spain, the alleged crisis of the group of companies who share the radio spectrum, the endemic lack of plurality and poor performance of the duties of our PSB in general, are better understood after analyzing how the sector has evolved in recent decades.
In the thesis we have analyzed one by one, the different legal restrictions that try to ensure plurality. Beyond these, we review the theories of ethics and morality, specifically applied to the business field since the seventies of the last century (Campos Freire, 2015; Garcia-Marzá, 2015; Perdiguero, 2003). Also recently this goodwill has been developed by the so-called "economy for the common good" (Gemeinwohl-Ökonomie), linked to movements like “Occupy”, or 15-M (Felber, 2012, Zamagni, 2012). Some authors have applied these concepts directly to the Mass-Media field with the "communicative responsibility" (Responsabilidad Comunicativa) (Bernardo Paniagua & Pellisser Rosell, 2015; Bernardo Paniagua, Pellisser Rosell, Vicent & Lopez, 2011). These are issues, which have also been promoted by the European Union, whose aims through transparency, accountability and participation citizens are aware of the importance of their institutions. Concepts such as "habit", that is to say, the nature that predisposes to transparency to take or not social responsibility (Cortina, 2003: 19), or the "stakeholders" theory (Freeman, Harrison, & Wicks, 2007), which distributes the ethical responsibility among managers, employees and customers, are particularly interesting. This willingness to do things well and to act properly in order to achieve the common objective among all stakeholders’ is intensified in periods of time like the ones we are living nowadays. And it can be especially valid in the uncertain future of Valencian audiovisual sector. As tools of this kind, exists the “Public Value Test” or the “Accountability”, both coming from the BBC, and implemented in many continental PSB. Accountability is the responsibility of the journalist or journalists’ coordinator, with the obligation to explain to the audience the reasons or motives for choosing a particular approach, leaving a story inside or outside the news bulletin. In the British public television it is organized through an internet access, thanks to a blog in which spectators can ask questions to the editor of every program and those are obliged to answer.
With regard to future research that can be opened beyond this thesis, we think it may be interesting to follow BBC and British Government movements before the renewal of the Royal Charter that will occur as tradition dictates, at the end of the year 2016. The debate is open now, and in the summer of 2015 it has been published the working document in which the British Ministry of Culture presents the model for the future of television (Department for culture, media and sports, 2015). Mechanisms and systems that would be applicable, of course, to others European PSB, and specifically, when our politicians will decide to reopen the new Channel 9. What seems certain is that the convergence of the media, the citizen participation through the Internet, and the shared responsibility in its various forms, will be at the foundation of this necessary and urgent renovation of public television that extends at this time before us as a challenge.
Research Interests:
5. El penúltimo capítulo de la crisis permanente de la TDT en España ............................................................................................... 87 5.1. Introducción, situación general... more
5. El penúltimo capítulo de la crisis permanente
de la TDT en España ............................................................................................... 87
5.1. Introducción, situación general ............................................................ 87
Índice 7
5.2. El nuevo concurso de TDT convocado por el gobierno ........... 89
5.3. Las presiones, las posturas ...................................................................... 91
5.4. La crisis en el sector ................................................................................... 93
5.5. La situación de la TDT en la Comunidad Valenciana ............... 96
de la TDT en España ............................................................................................... 87
5.1. Introducción, situación general ............................................................ 87
Índice 7
5.2. El nuevo concurso de TDT convocado por el gobierno ........... 89
5.3. Las presiones, las posturas ...................................................................... 91
5.4. La crisis en el sector ................................................................................... 93
5.5. La situación de la TDT en la Comunidad Valenciana ............... 96
Research Interests:
Chapter of: Arts et mèdias: lieux du politique? Editions L'Harmattan
Research Interests:
Los medios de comunicación públicos viven tiempos de un profundo cuestionamiento de sus funciones sociales y dinámicas profesionales. La crisis económica ha obligado a reducir los presupuestos de las radiotelevisiones públicas, lo que... more
Los medios de comunicación públicos viven tiempos de un profundo cuestionamiento de sus funciones sociales y dinámicas profesionales. La crisis económica ha obligado a reducir los presupuestos de las radiotelevisiones públicas, lo que está repercutiendo en la calidad de su servicio. Además, factores como la instrumentalización política o la corrupción en su gestión económica, han generado fuertes críticas hacia el papel de estos medios de titularidad pública en nuestra sociedad. En concreto, en el contexto europeo encontramos un intenso debate sobre los problemas y sobre todo, el futuro de Servicio Público de Comunicación (SPC o Public Service Media —PSM—) que este libro pretende abordar de forma detallada y panorámica. Desde una óptica novedosa, centrada en los medios de proximidad, el presente trabajo aborda tres grandes cuestiones: un repaso a la necesidad actual de los SPC en el contexto europeo; la urgente redefi nición de los medios públicos en la era digital en torno a conceptos como gobernanza, calidad informativa e innovación; y fi nalmente, se profundiza en el intenso debate generado por el cierre de Radiotelevisió Valenciana (RTVV). En este sentido, esta obra colectiva, con reconocidos autores del ámbito académico y profesional, pretende aportar conocimiento y argumentos de futuro para comprender la importancia de lo público en el complejo entorno mediático en el que vivimos y contextualizar la necesaria recuperación del servicio público de radio y televisión en la Comunidad Valenciana.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The future of the Public Service Media in the Northwest european countries is not brilliant. There are a lot of doubts, heated debates about the funding model, rumours of unaivoidable cuts. The digitalisation is an another important... more
The future of the Public Service Media in the Northwest european countries is not brilliant. There are a lot of doubts, heated debates about the funding model, rumours of unaivoidable cuts. The digitalisation is an another important question to discuss about. The renovation of the principal law (Royal Charter) of the most important Media, BBC, is a very important issue, but not only for the UK audiovisual system. The Auntie is, obviously, a model for other televisions, for other PSB all around the world.
We want to study the relationship between the news about the future of PSB, and the implementation in Spain. The situation of the Spanish Media isn’t easy, neither: RTVE is immersed in a deep crisis, so much of funding, as about its identity. The lack of prestige of its news service, accused of being a tool of the government, doesn’t help to get out of the hole. But the audiovisual system in Spain is even more complex: The situation about the public televisions of the autonomous communities is dramatic too. The closing down of Canal 9 RTVV, the PSB of Valencia, two years ago, cause the firing of 1,600 workers, after 25 years broadcasting. It’s, with the Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi –the greek TV– the only continental PSB that have closed for the crisis.
Now, is time of changes. The recent legislative and local elections have altered completely the political landscape in Spain. The rising of new parties that announced different ways of government, based on participative tools and open procedures for envolving the citizen, have renewed the rules of the game. The model of PSB, is a burning subject now. And the discussion about the BBC is, of course, a model for the future of spanish public media.
We want to study the relationship between the news about the future of PSB, and the implementation in Spain. The situation of the Spanish Media isn’t easy, neither: RTVE is immersed in a deep crisis, so much of funding, as about its identity. The lack of prestige of its news service, accused of being a tool of the government, doesn’t help to get out of the hole. But the audiovisual system in Spain is even more complex: The situation about the public televisions of the autonomous communities is dramatic too. The closing down of Canal 9 RTVV, the PSB of Valencia, two years ago, cause the firing of 1,600 workers, after 25 years broadcasting. It’s, with the Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi –the greek TV– the only continental PSB that have closed for the crisis.
Now, is time of changes. The recent legislative and local elections have altered completely the political landscape in Spain. The rising of new parties that announced different ways of government, based on participative tools and open procedures for envolving the citizen, have renewed the rules of the game. The model of PSB, is a burning subject now. And the discussion about the BBC is, of course, a model for the future of spanish public media.
